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M94B0808.TXT
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1994-11-11
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Document 0808
DOCN M94B0808
TI Activities of roxithromycin used alone and in combination with
ethambutol, rifampin, amikacin, ofloxacin, and clofazimine against
Mycobacterium avium complex.
DT 9412
AU Rastogi N; Goh KS; Bryskier A; Unite de la Tuberculose et des
Mycobacteries, Institut Pasteur,; Morne Joliviere, Pointe-a-Pitre,
Guadeloupe, French West; Indies.
SO Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1994 Jun;38(6):1433-8. Unique Identifier :
AIDSLINE MED/94379808
AB Preliminary studies showed that roxithromycin possessed significant in
vitro activity against a variety of atypical mycobacteria such as the
Mycobacterium avium complex, M. scrofulaceum, M. szulgai, M. malmoense,
M. xenopi, M. marinum, and M. kansasii and rare pathogens such as M.
chelonae and M. fortuitum. In this investigation, radiometric MICs of
roxithromycin, ethambutol, rifampin, amikacin, ofloxacin, and
clofazimine for 10 clinical isolates of the M. avium complex (5 each
from human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]-positive and HIV-negative
patients) were determined. Roxithromycin MICs against all the isolates
were below the reported maximum concentration of drug in serum at the
routine pH of 6.8, and the MICs were further lowered by 1 to 2 dilutions
at a pH of 7.4. In vitro enhancement of roxithromycin activity against
all strains was further investigated by the previously established
Bactec 460-TB method by combining the drugs at sub-MIC levels.
Antibacterial activity of roxithromycin was enhanced in all 10 strains
by ethambutol, in 3 strains each by rifampin and clofazimine, in 2
strains by amikacin, and in 1 strain by ofloxacin. In vitro screening of
three-drug combinations showed that combinations of roxithromycin,
ethambutol, and a third potential anti-M. avium drug (rifampin,
amikacin, ofloxacin, or clofazimine) resulted in further enhancement of
activity in 13 out of 20 drug combinations screened.
DE Amikacin/*PHARMACOLOGY Clofazimine/*PHARMACOLOGY Drug Synergism
Ethambutol/*PHARMACOLOGY Human Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Mycobacterium avium Complex/*DRUG EFFECTS Ofloxacin/*PHARMACOLOGY
Rifampin/*PHARMACOLOGY Roxithromycin/*PHARMACOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).